Al Lajnah Ad Da-imah (Fatwa Commission in Saudi Arabia) asked, "There is a pretty fierce dispute among scholars of the Muslims regarding the initial determination of fasting Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr. Some of them are charitable with the hadith," Fast when seeing the new moon, so does rayalah for days due to see it ". However, other scholars hold fast to the opinion of astronomers (scientists astrology). The scholars said, "Verily, astronomers are experts in the science of astrology which allows them to know Qomariyah beginning of the month (the 1st month of Hijri)." Therefore, the scholars had followed a calendar (according to astrology). "
Answer:
First, the strong opinions that must be practiced is in accordance with the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam,
صوموا لرؤيته, وأفطروا لرؤيته, فإن غم عليكم فأكملوا العدة
"Fast as seeing the new moon, as well as see it for days rayalah. If you closed cloudy, genapkanlah the month "(Narrated by Bukhari with various lafazh). This hadith shows that the beginning and end of Ramadan is determined by looking at the moon. And the Islamic shariah brought by our Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam is common and remains eternally valid until doomsday. Second, Allah Almighty certainly knows what he has and will happen, this means that God also knows will appear astronomy and other sciences. However, Allah Ta'ala says,
فمن شهد منكم الشهر فليصمه
"Therefore, whoever among you watched the moon (in a country where he lives), then let him fast the month." (Surat al-Baqarah [2]: 185) Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam explained the purpose of this verse tells us,
صوموا لرؤيته, وأفطروا لرؤيته
"Fast as seeing the new moon, as well as days and rayalah because look at it." (Narrated by Bukhari) From this description shows that the beginning and end of the fasting of Ramadan is determined by looking at the moon and is not associated with the arithmetic / astrology, even though God already knows there be this kind of astrology.
Therefore, it is obligatory for every Muslim to go back and believe in the Shari'ah of God delivered through the oral Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam which was to determine the beginning and end of fasting by looking at the moon. The opinion is as consensus (agreement) from the clergy. Whoever menyelisihi in this and switch to the arithmetic, then his words syadz (opinion nyleneh) and this opinion is not worth noting.
May God give us taufik. Prayers and greetings to our Prophet Muhammad, his family and friends.
Members: Abdullah bin Ghodyan,
Vice Chair: Abdur Rozaq 'Afifi,
Chairman: 'Abdul' Aziz bin 'Abdillah Bin Baz
Second question, Fatawa no. 2036 Al Lajnah Ad Da'imah Buhuts Lil Al 'Ilmiyah wal Ifta'
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Muhammad Abduh Tuasikal
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